3. 2 Load

i) Loads
This load acting on an area that is too small and can be  said to act at one point as the point x (Figure 3.6). unit = N

ii) A uniformly distributed load
It acts on the whole or part of a long beam with a uniform   way (figure 3.7). units = N / m

 

iii) Non-uniform distributed load

This load is continually changing. Normally the load form a  triangle (Figure3.8). units = N / m

iv) The moment of the coupling
It is the effect of a twisting action imposed on a beam (clockwise direction) will be produced by two forces F acting on the arm. The value of M₁ is (F x d) Nm. While  M₂ is another example of the coupling moments acting   at point x, in an anticlockwise direction

CHAPTER 3: SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENT

CHAPTER 3: SHEAR FORCE AND BENDING MOMENT

In this chapter, emphasis will be placed on the shear force (V) and bending moment (M) resulting in a beam. Beam was used to describe a bar or rod which carries the load laterally. It is much used in various fields of engineering, especially civil engineering. The study will be conducted on a beam of horizontal loads only, and that act is considered in a vertical plane only.

3.1 A type of beam

               
 i) simply supported beam                  
 This beam is simply supported at both ends A and B (Figure 3.1). RA and RB reaction on the beam at  points   A and B

ii)     Cantilever beam

 The end of the rigid beam is installed so as not allowed to turn (figure3.2). Reaction R and the moment M    results to ensure the beam is in equilibrium.

 iii) The drop beam

One or two sides of the ends hanging down in a state that is part of the beam depending on the outside of the support (figure 3.3).

iv) Continuous beam

It occurs when there are more than two fans are used to support beams (Figure 3.4).

v)  The built-in beam

 It is rigidly mounted on both ends and having reactions RA and RB, and MA and MB (Figure 3.5). The equations of equilibrium are not sufficient to determine the response.