The force can be broken down into two main categories, namely normal force and shear force. The normal force means the force applied is perpendicular to the surface action, while the mean shear force acting parallel to the surface action. The normal force can be broken down into two types of tensile forces and compressive forces.
- If a bar @ the material applied force P is shown in the diagram, the material will change shape, the longitudinal and cross-sectional area will be narrowed. Materials are said to be in tension. The force P is called a tension force. (+ ve).
- If a bar @ the material applied force P is shown in the diagram, the material will change shape, which shorten and cross-sectional area will increase. Materials are said to be in compression. The force P is called the compression force. (-ve.)
3. Shear force
- When subjected to tensile force P, the plate will be segregated from each other. Forces that are at the connection of opposing tensile force called shear forces.
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